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\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10ee\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 92\u201399.5 % Al\u2082O\u2083-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10de\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10dc\u10e8\u10d8. \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4, \u10db\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4, \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10d6\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10ea\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4 \u10db\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 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\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10d1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10de\u10da\u10e3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10da \u10db\u10eb\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1. \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 9-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d7\u10d1\u10dd\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d0 (20-30 \u10d5\u10e2\/\u10db\u00b7\u10d9, \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7), \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1 1200 \u00b0C-\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4. \u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4 \u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10db\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da \u10dd\u10e5\u10e1\u10d8\u10d3\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1 \u10db\u10df\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10e2\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0 \u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1. \u10d4\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10ee\u10e1\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1, \u10d7\u10e3 \u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10db \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dd\u10e5\u10e1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d8\u10e1\u10e5\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e6\u10e3\u10db\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10ed\u10e3\u10e0\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e2\u10e3\u10db\u10d1\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d1\u10d4\u10ed\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10ea\u10d0\u10d5 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10d8\u10d6\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10ea\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10eb\u10da\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><strong>\u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10de\u10da\u10e3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10db\u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10ee\u10d0\u10e0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\">\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2, \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d6\u10d4, \u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc \u10e9\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 92 % \u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 99 % \u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d5\u10d4\u10da \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10e1\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10da\u10d8\u10de\u10e1. \u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d6\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10d2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4. 2000 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10d6\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10d7 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8:<\/p>\n<ul dir=\"auto\">\n<li>92 % \u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1: \u10ea\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10dd \u10e1\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 0.018 % \u10e1\u10d0\u10d0\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ec\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7. \u10e1\u10da\u10d0\u10d8\u10de\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d9\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10dc\u10eb\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 1,500 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0 0.035 %-\u10db\u10d3\u10d4. \u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d6\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d0\u10dd\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea \u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd 500 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10ee\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d0.<\/li>\n<li>99 % \u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8: \u10ea\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 0.007 % \u10e1\u10d0\u10d0\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8. \u10e0\u10d9\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10ea\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 0.008 %-\u10d6\u10d4 \u10dc\u10d0\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd. \u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1 \u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10d2\u10da\u10e3\u10d5\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0, 12 %-\u10d8\u10d7 \u10dc\u10d0\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10ef\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10dc\u10d4 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d6\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"auto\">\u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10ec\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 35 %-\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8 \u10e6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10d2\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10d8\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d4\u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10de\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10e3\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d7, 99 %-\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10da\u10d8\u10de\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd \u10e6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 22 %-\u10d8\u10d7 \u10dc\u10d0\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\">\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc \u10d5\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d7 \u10db\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e6\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ed\u10e3\u10e0\u10ed\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7. \u10de\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10ec\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d8 \u10e6\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea 1220 \u00b0C \u10ea\u10d8\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d0\u10ee\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, 95 % \u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10db\u10d0 150 \u10ea\u10d8\u10d9\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 0.8 % \u10ec\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10e1, \u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc \u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10db\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10db\u10d0 3.4 % \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d4\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10ec\u10e7\u10d4\u10e1. \u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d1\u10dd\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea \u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10e8\u10e2\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 15 \u00b0C-\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d0\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e3\u10db\u10ef\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10e1\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\"><strong>\u10de\u10e0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\">\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e1\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e3\u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10ec\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4. \u10d1\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ea\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10ec\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10ed\u10e3\u10e0\u10ed\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1, 92\u201395 % \u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dd\u10e5\u10e1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10e1\u10dd \u10d1\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10e1 \u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1. 1400 \u00b0C-\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e2\u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc \u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10e7\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10d8 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0, \u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10ef\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10eb\u10da\u10d4 \u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dd\u10e5\u10e1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8. \u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dd\u10e5\u10e1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4 \u10db\u10e7\u10d8\u10e4\u10d4\u10d0; \u10e1\u10d0\u10d0\u10db\u10e5\u10e0\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10e4\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e6\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10e7\u10db\u10d0\u10db \u10d0\u10dc \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10db\u10d0 \u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10dd\u10dc\u10db\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d1\u10d6\u10d0\u10e0\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10d8\u10dd\u10e1, \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10db \u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10d3\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\">\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc, \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10d8\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10d2\u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc \u10e3\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10dd \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0, \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e7\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10db\u10d6\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10dc. \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10d7\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10ee\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d1\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10d0\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10e3\u10da \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ee\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1. \u10db\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10ed\u10e3\u10e0\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10da\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e3\u10d6\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1, \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d6\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10de\u10da\u10e3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\">\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d8\u10d0\u10e4\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10d8\u10db \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea \u10d2\u10d0\u10e9\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1, \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10dc\u10eb\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc \u10ee\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10e1, \u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10ea \u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10db\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0. \u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10e7\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10e7\u10d8\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10d0\u10e1\u10d6\u10d4, \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10de\u10da\u10e3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d5\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4, \u10ea\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d4, \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7 \u10e3\u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3. \u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10e1\u10d0\u10e7\u10e0\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10ea \u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7-\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1, \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ea\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10dd\u10d3 \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10ec\u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In one refractory plant I worked with, the kiln furniture was becoming a constant headache. Cordierite shelves were cracking after roughly 40\u201350 cycles between 1250 \u00b0C and room temperature, forcing unplanned shutdowns every six to eight weeks. The production team had tried mullite and even some silicon carbide prototypes, but nothing gave consistent life without&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/ceramicwashers.com\/ka\/alumina-ceramic-the-material-that-quietly-outlasts-expectations-in-real-plant-conditions\/\" class=\"\" rel=\"bookmark\">\u10ec\u10d0\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d4\u10d7 \u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8 \u00bb<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0: \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10db\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10e1 \u10e9\u10e3\u10db\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"off","neve_meta_content_width":70,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-199","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-product"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicwashers.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/199","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicwashers.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicwashers.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicwashers.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicwashers.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=199"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicwashers.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/199\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":202,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicwashers.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/199\/revisions\/202"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceramicwashers.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=199"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicwashers.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=199"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceramicwashers.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=199"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u10d5\u10dd\u10e0\u10d3\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}